DB & DBMS Concepts
Lecture 1 · the foundations. What a database and a DBMS actually are, why they matter, and where they're used.
Database (DB)
A database is an organized collection of logically related data, designed to meet the information needs of multiple users in an organization.
PISMThe 4 characteristics:Persistent (data outlives the program) · Integrated (related data stored together) · Shared (many users & apps) · Managed (controlled by DBMS software).
Database Management System (DBMS)
DBMS = software that enables users to define, create, maintain and control access to the database.
DBMS responsibilities
- Data definition — structure & constraints
- Data manipulation — querying & updates
- Data security — access control & authorization
- Data integrity — constraint enforcement
- Concurrency control — multi-user access
- Backup & recovery — data protection
Popular DBMS — examples to memorize
| Type | Examples |
|---|---|
| Relational | Oracle · MySQL · PostgreSQL · SQL Server |
| NoSQL | MongoDB · Cassandra · Redis |
| Cloud | Amazon RDS · Google Cloud SQL · Azure SQL |
Where DBMS is used
| Area | Use |
|---|---|
| Banking | Accounts, customers, secure transactions |
| Education | Students, courses, faculty, results |
| Healthcare | Doctor & patient data |
| E-Commerce | Orders, inventory, recommendations |
| Social Media | User-generated content |
| Human Resources | Employee records, salaries, tax |